Did you know someone in the U.S. has a heart attack every 40 seconds?
It’s a shocking number. But what’s even more dangerous is how often people miss the signs. Many imagine a heart attack means grabbing your chest and collapsing. In reality, the symptoms can be much more subtle—like feeling tired, slightly uncomfortable, or short of breath.
Knowing the signs and acting fast could save your life—or someone else’s. Let’s walk through what you need to know.
What Exactly Is a Heart Attack?
A heart attack (also called a myocardial infarction) happens when blood flow to the heart is blocked. Without enough oxygen, parts of the heart muscle start to die.
What causes it?
Most heart attacks are caused by plaque—a mix of fat and cholesterol—building up in your arteries. When plaque bursts, it can cause a clot that blocks blood flow.
Heart Attack vs. Cardiac Arrest
These two terms often get mixed up, but they’re very different:
- Heart attack = a blood flow problem (the heart is starved of oxygen).
- Cardiac arrest = an electrical problem (the heart suddenly stops beating).
A heart attack usually gives warning signs—don’t ignore them.
Warning Signs You Shouldn’t Ignore
Heart attacks don’t always look dramatic. They can sneak up quietly. Here are the signs to watch out for:
Common Symptoms
- Chest pain or pressure (may feel like squeezing or fullness)
- Shortness of breath
- Pain in the arms, back, neck, jaw, or stomach
Less Obvious Symptoms
- Cold sweat
- Nausea or vomiting
- Dizziness or feeling faint
- Unusual tiredness (especially in women, days or weeks in advance)
Who’s Most at Risk of Subtle Symptoms?
- Women often feel back pain, jaw pain, or nausea instead of chest pain.
- Older adults may only feel tired or short of breath.
- People with diabetes may have “silent” heart attacks with few or no symptoms.
Bottom line: If something feels off, take it seriously.
What to Do If You Suspect a Heart Attack
Every second matters. Here’s what to do:
- Call 911 immediately
Don’t wait to “see if it passes.” Emergency help can start treatment on the way. - Don’t drive yourself
You might pass out while driving. Wait for the ambulance. - Chew an aspirin
If you’re not allergic, chew (don’t swallow) one full-strength aspirin (325 mg). It can help thin your blood. But always call 911 first. - Start CPR if needed
If someone stops breathing, do chest compressions—hard and fast in the center of the chest (100–120 per minute). Use an AED if one is nearby. - Keep still and stay calm
Movement adds stress to the heart. Sit or lie down while you wait for help.
Know the Risks: Who’s More Likely to Have a Heart Attack?
Risks You Can’t Control
- Age (men over 45, women over 55)
- Family history
- Gender (men are at higher risk earlier in life)
- Ethnic background
Risks You Can Control
- High blood pressure
- High cholesterol
- Smoking
- Diabetes
- Obesity (especially belly fat)
- Lack of exercise
- Too much alcohol
- Chronic stress
How to Prevent a Heart Attack
1. Eat for Your Heart
- More fruits, veggies, whole grains, and lean proteins
- Healthy fats (like olive oil and nuts)
- Less salt, sugar, and unhealthy fats
2. Get Moving
- Aim for 150 minutes of moderate activity each week (like walking)
- Add strength training 2x a week
- Simple habits—like taking the stairs—add up
3. Manage Your Health
- Keep track of blood pressure, cholesterol, and blood sugar
- Follow your doctor’s advice and take medications if needed
4. Quit Smoking
- Your risk starts dropping almost immediately after quitting
5. Lower Your Stress
- Try meditation, hobbies, or just take 10 minutes to relax daily
6. Get Regular Checkups
- Blood pressure: check often
- Cholesterol: every 4–6 years (more if you’re at risk)
- Diabetes: test if you have risk factors
When to See a Doctor
Talk to a doctor if you notice:
- Ongoing chest pressure or discomfort
- Trouble breathing (especially during activities)
- Unusual tiredness
- Swollen feet or ankles
Don’t wait until it’s an emergency. Early detection can save your life.
Final Thoughts: Your Heart, Your Responsibility
Heart attacks don’t always come with a loud warning. But knowing the signs—and acting quickly—can make all the difference.
Remember:
- Know the signs
- Call 911 right away
- Live heart-smart with small daily changes
Your heart is working for you 24/7.
Start working for it.